Which of the following is correctly categorized as a parasite?

Many parasites have evolved to be $A$ in such a way that both host and the parasite tend to $B$; that is,if the host evolves special mechanisms for rejecting or resisting the parasite,the parasite has to evolve mechanisms to $C$ and neutralize them,in order to be successful with the same host species.
Choose the correct option for $A$,$B$,and $C$.

Select the $CORRECT$ match:

List-$I$	List-$II$
$i$. Competition	$a$. Tapeworm and man
$ii$. Commensalism	$b$. Lichen
$iii$. Mutualism	$c$. Cattle egret and cattle
$iv$. Parasitism	$d$. Lions and Leopards

In which of the following interactions are both partners adversely affected?

Myrmecophily is a beneficial association between a flowering plant and

Which of the following are examples of commensalism?
$(1)$ Monarch butterfly and bird
$(2)$ Orchid and mango
$(3)$ Fish and flamingo
$(4)$ Calotropis and cattle
$(5)$ Cattle egret and grazing cattle