Predict the product for the following reaction:
$\xrightarrow[\Delta]{alc. \ KOH}$ product

The mechanism of $S_{N}1$ reaction is given as:
$R-X$ $\rightarrow R^{\oplus} X^{\ominus}$ $\rightarrow R^{\oplus} | X^{\ominus}$ $\xrightarrow{Y^{\ominus}} R-Y + X^{\ominus}$
(Ion pair) (Solvent separated ion pair)
$A$ student writes general characteristics based on the given mechanism as:
$(a)$ The reaction is favoured by weak nucleophiles
$(b)$ $R^{\oplus}$ would be easily formed if the substituents are bulky
$(c)$ The reaction is accompanied by racemization
$(d)$ The reaction is favoured by non-polar solvents.
Which observations are correct?

Phosgene is formed slowly from which one of the following on exposure to air and sunlight?

The major product of the following reaction is:

The compound $CH_3-C(OH)(CH_3)-CCl_3$ is:

What is the product formed when chloroform reacts with concentrated $HNO_3$?