Explain asexual reproduction in plants and animals with examples.

(N/A) In asexual reproduction,a single parent is capable of producing offspring. As a result,the offspring produced are not only identical to one another but are also exact copies of their parent.
These offspring are genetically identical. The term 'clone' is used to describe such morphologically and genetically similar individuals.
$1.$ Binary Fission: In many single-celled organisms,the cell divides into two halves,and each rapidly grows into an adult. Examples: $Amoeba$,$Paramecium$.
$2.$ Budding: In yeast,the division is unequal,and small buds are produced that remain attached initially to the parent cell. Eventually,they get separated and mature into new yeast organisms. In $Hydra$,a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site.
$3.$ Encystation and Sporulation: Under unfavorable conditions,$Amoeba$ withdraws its pseudopodia and secretes a three-layered hard covering or cyst around itself. This phenomenon is called encystation. When favorable conditions return,the encysted $Amoeba$ divides by multiple fission and produces many pseudopodiospores. The cyst wall bursts,and the spores are released into the surrounding medium to grow up into many $Amoeba$s. This is called sporulation.