Which of the following conditions in the urine indicates $Diabetes$ $Mellitus$?

Osteomalacia is caused by the deficiency of .......

Choose the correct statements.
$I.$ Kidney transplantation is the terminal mode of treating kidney dysfunction.
$II.$ Close relatives are often used as kidney donors to minimise risk of rejection.
$III.$ Cyclosporin-$A$ is used as an immunosuppressive drug in kidney transplant patients.
$IV.$ Heparin and anti-heparin are used in haemodialysis.
Choose the correct option.

Isothenuria is

The artificial kidney is designed according to the principle of

During the hemodialysis process:
$I.$ Blood is drained from a convenient artery and an anticoagulant (heparin) is added.
$II.$ Removal of nitrogenous waste from the blood occurs.
$III.$ Blood is passed through a coiled porous cellophane membrane tube bathing in dialysis fluid.
$IV.$ Blood is mixed with anti-heparin and passed into a vein.
Arrange the steps in the correct sequence.