What is the function of oral contraceptive pills?

Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.

$IUDs$ are small objects made up of plastic or copper that are inserted in the uterine cavity. Which of the following statements are correct about $IUDs$?
$(a)$ $IUDs$ decrease phagocytosis of sperm within the uterus.
$(b)$ The released copper ions suppress the sperm motility.
$(c)$ $IUDs$ do not make the cervix hostile to the sperm.
$(d)$ $IUDs$ suppress the fertilization capacity of sperm.
$(e)$ The $IUDs$ require surgical intervention for their insertion in the uterine cavity.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following is a hormone-releasing $IUD$?

Diosgenin obtained from the yam plant $(Dioscorea)$ is used in the manufacturing of . . . . . . .

How do diaphragms,cervical caps,and vaults function as contraceptives?