In which of the following is the phenomenon of crossing over $NOT$ observed?

What map unit (Centimorgan) is adopted in the construction of genetic maps?

$A$ cross is made between two homozygous individuals, one with the wild type $(+, +)$ and the other with the mutant type $(a, b)$. In the $F_2$ generation (or test cross progeny), out of $1000$ individuals, $700$ are parental types. Calculate the distance between genes $a$ and $b$.

When two genes are situated very close to each other on a chromosome:

Select the correct statement from the ones given below with respect to dihybrid cross.

$A$ pure breeding pea plant with the dominant phenotype of character $A$ and recessive phenotype of character $B$ was crossed with another pure breeding plant with the recessive phenotype of $A$ and dominant phenotype of character $B$. An offspring of this cross was crossed with a homozygous recessive for both the characters $A$ and $B$. The following results were obtained:
$22$ were phenotypically dominant for $A$ and recessive for $B$.
$4$ were phenotypically dominant for both $A$ and $B$.
$4$ were phenotypically recessive for both $A$ and $B$.
$24$ were phenotypically recessive for $A$ and dominant for $B$.
These results show that: