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(C) The experiment described is the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which demonstrates the semi-conservative nature of $DNA$ replication.$E. coli$ divides

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$40$ minutes

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(C) The experiment described is the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which demonstrates the semi-conservative nature of $DNA$ replication.$E. coli$ divides every $20$ minutes.Initially, all $DNA$ is heavy $(^{15}N/^{15}N)$.After $20$ minutes (one generation), all $DNA$ is hybrid $(^{15}N/^{14}N)$.After $40$ minutes (two generations), the $DNA$ consists of $50\%$ hybrid $(^{15}N/^{14}N)$ and $50\%$ light $(^{14}N/^{14}N)$.Therefore, after $40$ minutes, the $DNA$ extracted will contain equal amounts of hybrid and light $DNA$.

For how long should bacteria be cultured in a $^{14}N$ medium after being transferred from a $^{15}N$ medium so that the extracted $DNA$ consists of equal amounts of hybrid $DNA$ and light $DNA$?

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