Which biome is characterized by high biodiversity?

According to Alexander von Humboldt,what is the relationship between species richness and the area of exploration?

Choose the incorrect sentence$(s)$ regarding latitudinal gradients.
$(I)$ Biodiversity throughout the world shows uneven distribution.
$(II)$ According to latitudinal gradient,there is no major difference in biodiversity.
$(III)$ Species diversity increases as we move away from the equator towards the poles.
$(IV)$ Biodiversity increases as we move from temperate to tropical regions.

There is greater biodiversity in tropical/subtropical regions than in temperate regions. Explain.

According to the concept of species-area relations $-$

The relationship between species richness $(S)$ and area $(A)$ represented in the following graph is described by the equation: