In the equation $\log S = \log C + Z \log A$,what does '$C$' represent?

Cardiac output is determined by which of the following?

Molten $CuCl_2$ is electrolysed using platinum electrodes. The reaction occurring at the anode is:

The maximum velocity of the photoelectron emitted by the metal surface is $V$. The charge and mass of the photoelectron are denoted by $e$ and $m$,respectively. The stopping potential in volts is:

Five very long,straight wires are bound together to form a small cable. Currents carried by the wires are $I_1 = 20\ A, I_2 = -6\ A, I_3 = 12\ A, I_4 = -7\ A, I_5 = 18\ A$. The magnetic induction at a distance of $10\ cm$ from the cable is

Which of the following regulates blood pressure and heart rate?