$(a)$ $A$ sugar syrup of mass $214.2\, g$ contains $34.2\, g$ of sugar. Calculate the concentration of sugar in the syrup.
$(b)$ What is a solution?

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(N/A) Mass of solute $(w) = 34.2\, g$
Mass of solution $(W) = 214.2\, g$
Concentration of sugar in the syrup $= \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}} \times 100$
$= \frac{34.2}{214.2} \times 100 = 15.96\%$
$(b)$ $A$ solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

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Pragya tested the solubility of four different substances at different temperatures and collected the data as given below (results are given in the following table,as grams of substance dissolved in $100 \,g$ of water to form a saturated solution).
Substance Dissolved $283 \,K$ $293 \,K$ $313 \,K$ $333 \,K$ $353 \,K$
Potassium nitrate $21$ $32$ $62$ $106$ $167$
Sodium chloride $36$ $36$ $36$ $37$ $37$
Potassium chloride $35$ $35$ $40$ $46$ $54$
Ammonium chloride $24$ $37$ $41$ $55$ $66$

$(a)$ Find the solubility of each salt at $293 \,K$. Which salt has the highest solubility at this temperature?
$(b)$ What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?

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