$(a)$ How do forests influence the following?
$(i)$ Air
$(ii)$ Soil
$(iii)$ Water
$(b)$ Is the atmosphere on Venus and Mars different from our atmosphere? How?

(N/A)
$(i)$ Air: Forests act as a sink for $CO_{2}$ through photosynthesis. The absence of trees leads to an increase in $CO_{2}$ levels,contributing to global warming.
$(ii)$ Soil: Tree roots bind the soil particles together,preventing erosion. $A$ reduction in forest cover increases the risk of soil erosion caused by wind and floods.
$(iii)$ Water: Forests increase the water-holding capacity of the soil and facilitate groundwater recharge by slowing down surface runoff.
$(b)$ Yes,the atmosphere on Venus and Mars is significantly different from Earth's atmosphere.
Earth's atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen $(78\%)$ and oxygen $(21\%)$,which supports life. In contrast,the atmospheres of Venus and Mars are composed primarily of carbon dioxide $(CO_{2})$,which accounts for about $95-97\%$ of their atmospheric composition,making them inhospitable to life as we know it.