$A$: Population ecology is a link between ecology,population genetics,and evolution.
$R$: Natural selection operates at the population level to evolve desired traits.

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$A$. Logistic growth	$I$. Unlimited resource availability condition
$B$. Exponential growth	$II$. Limited resource availability condition
$C$. Expanding age pyramid	$III$. The percent individuals of pre-reproductive age is largest followed by reproductive and post-reproductive age groups
$D$. Stable age pyramid	$IV$. The percent individuals of pre-reproductive and reproductive age group are same

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The significance of the study of population is to understand:

Read the given statements and identify the correct and incorrect ones.
$(1)$ The exponential growth curve can be calculated using the formula $N_t = N_0 e^{rt}$.
$(2)$ Bamboo and salmon fish show the production of offspring only once during their entire lifespan.
$(3)$ In the amensalism type of interaction,one species is harmed and the other species receives no benefit or harm.
$(4)$ $A$ competitively superior species eliminates the inferior species in a habitat.

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Allen's Rule	$(i)$ Kangaroo rat
$(b)$ Physiological adaptation	$(ii)$ Desert lizard
$(c)$ Behavioural adaptation	$(iii)$ Marine fish at depth
$(d)$ Biochemical adaptation	$(iv)$ Polar seal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Consider the following statements $(A-D)$ each with one or two blanks.
$(A)$ Bears go into $ . . . . . . (1) . . . . . . $ during winter to $ . . . . . . (2) . . . . . . $ cold weather.
$(B)$ $A$ conical age pyramid with a broad base represents $ . . . . . . (3) . . . . . . $ human population.
$(C)$ $A$ wasp pollinating a fig flower is an example of $ . . . . . . (4) . . . . . . $.
$(D)$ An area with high levels of species richness is known as $ . . . . . . (5) . . . . . . $.
Which one of the following options gives the correct fill-ups for the respective blank numbers from $(1)$ to $(5)$ in the statements?