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(D) The process of blood clotting involves a cascade of enzymatic reactions. Prothrombin is an inactive plasma protein that is converted into its acti

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Calcium

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(D) The process of blood clotting involves a cascade of enzymatic reactions. Prothrombin is an inactive plasma protein that is converted into its active form,thrombin,by the enzyme complex known as prothrombinase or thrombokinase (Factor $X_a$). This reaction is strictly dependent on the presence of calcium ions $(Ca^{2+})$ and phospholipids. While thrombokinase acts as the enzyme,calcium ions are essential cofactors for the activation of prothrombin. In the context of standard biological questions regarding the conversion of prothrombin,calcium is often cited as the critical requirement for the activation process.

Column $I$	Column $II$
$(a)$ Fibrinogen	$(i)$ Osmotic balance
$(b)$ Globulin	$(ii)$ Blood clotting
$(c)$ Albumin	$(iii)$ Defence mechanism

Which of the following is required for the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin?

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