Which radiations are primarily used to induce mutations in crops?

$A$ collection of plants and seeds having diverse alleles of all the genes of a crop is called:

Where is the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center located?

In which country is the $IARI$ institute located?

Select the option that represents the correct sequence of steps for breeding a genetically diverse crop variety:
$(i)$ Selection and testing of superior recombinants
$(ii)$ Evaluation and selection of parents
$(iii)$ Collection of variability
$(iv)$ Testing,release,and commercialization of new cultivars
$(v)$ Cross-hybridization among the selected parents

Heterosis (hybrid vigor) is desirable in vegetatively propagated plants because: