The following diagram shows the phosphorus cycle. Identify the producers in it.

Consider the following statements concerning food chains.
$I$. Removal of $80\; \%$ tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
$II.$ Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
$III.$ The length of food chains is generally limited to $3$ to $4$ trophic levels due to energy loss.
$IV.$ The length of food chains may vary from $2$ to $8$ trophic levels.
Which two of the above statements are correct?

Which of the following is the correct sequence for primary succession in water (hydrarch succession)?

Match the following:

Trophic levels	Examples
$A$. First	$a$. Man
$B$. Second	$b$. Wolf
$C$. Third	$c$. Cow
$D$. Fourth	$d$. Phytoplankton

Which of the following is an example of a man-made ecosystem?

Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem?