There are $..........$ species of orchids on Earth.

Given below are two statements.
Statement-$I$: Genetic diversity is the diversity in the number and type of genes as well as chromosomes present in the same species and variations in the genes and their alleles.
Statement-$II$: Species diversity deals with the variety of species as well as the number of individuals of different species observed in an area.
In light of the above statements,select the correct answer from the options given below.

Temperate forests occur in India in

Define/Explain: $\gamma$-diversity.

Which region shows a very high level of species richness?

Match the following with respect to different categories of the red list. Choose the correct option.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$i$. Extinct	$a$. Species whose members survive only in captivity.
$ii$. Extinct in wild	$b$. Rapid population decline of $50\%$ to more than $70\%$ over the previous $10$ years.
$iii$. Endangered	$c$. Species in which the last individual has died.
$iv$. Vulnerable	$d$. Rapid population decline of $30\%$ to more than $50\%$ over the previous $10$ years.