$A$ pendulum clock loses $12 \ s$ a day if the temperature is $40^{\circ} C$ and gains $4 \ s$ a day if the temperature is $20^{\circ} C$. The temperature at which the clock will show the correct time is: (in $^{\circ} C$)

The area of cross-section of a railway track is $0.01\, m^2$. The temperature variation is $10^{\circ}C$. The coefficient of linear expansion of the material of the track is $10^{-5} /^{\circ}C$. The energy stored per meter in the track is ...... $J/m$. (Young's modulus of the material of the track is $10^{11}\, Nm^{-2}$)

The scale on a steel metre stick is calibrated at $20^{\circ}C$. The error in the reading of $50 \, cm$ at $30^{\circ}C$ is: (take linear expansion coefficient of steel $\alpha = 1.0 \times 10^{-5} / ^{\circ}C$)

Brass and lead rods of length $80 \ cm$ are connected in parallel at $0^{\circ}C$. If they are heated to $100^{\circ}C$,what will be the difference in length between their ends in $mm$? (Given: $\alpha_{brass} = 18 \times 10^{-6} \ ^{\circ}C^{-1}$ and $\alpha_{lead} = 28 \times 10^{-6} \ ^{\circ}C^{-1}$)

What is thermal expansion? Write only its types.

$A$ clock which keeps correct time at $20^{\circ} C$, is subjected to $40^{\circ} C$. If the coefficient of linear expansion of the pendulum is $12 \times 10^{-6} /{ }^{\circ} C$, how much time will it gain or lose per day?