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(A) According to Malus' Law,the intensity of light transmitted through a polarizer is given by $I = I_{max} \cos^2 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the angle

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$\frac{I_0}{2}$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) According to Malus' Law,the intensity of light transmitted through a polarizer is given by $I = I_{max} \cos^2 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the angle between the transmission axes of the two polarizers.Initially,the principal planes are parallel,so $	heta = 0^{\circ}$ and the intensity is $I_0 = I_{max}$.When crystal $B$ is rotated by $45^{\circ}$,the new angle between the transmission axes becomes $	heta = 45^{\circ}$.Substituting the values into the formula:$I = I_0 \cos^2(45^{\circ})$$I = I_0 \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}ight)^2$$I = I_0 \left(\frac{1}{2}ight) = \frac{I_0}{2}$.

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