$A$ steel rod of radius $20 \ mm$ and length $2 \ m$ is acted upon by a force of $400 \ kN$ along its length. The values of stress and strain are respectively $(Y_{\text{steel}} = 2 \times 10^{11} \ N \ m^{-2})$.

$A$ brass wire of length $2 \ m$ and radius $1 \ mm$ at $27 ^\circ C$ is held taut between two rigid supports. Initially, it was cooled to a temperature of $-43 ^\circ C$, creating a tension $T$ in the wire. The temperature to which the wire has to be cooled in order to increase the tension in it to $1.4 \ T$ is . . . . . . $^\circ C$.

$A$ uniform heavy rod of mass $20\,kg$,cross-sectional area $0.4\,m^{2}$,and length $20\,m$ is hanging from a fixed support. Neglecting the lateral contraction,the elongation in the rod due to its own weight is $x \times 10^{-9}\,m$. The value of $x$ is (Given: Young's modulus $Y = 2 \times 10^{11}\,N/m^{2}$ and $g = 10\,m/s^{2}$)

With a rise in temperature,the Young's modulus of elasticity

Young's modulus depends upon

$A$ uniform steel rod of mass $1.8 \,kg$ and length $0.8 \,m$ is hung from a nail with the help of two steel wires,each of area of cross-section $0.01 \,mm^2$ and unstretched length $0.5 \,m$,as shown in the figure. The centre of mass of the rod lies vertically below the nail. The increase in the distance between the centre of mass of the rod and the nail due to stretching of the wires as the rod hangs is . . . . . . $mm$. (Young's modulus of steel $= 2 \times 10^{11} \,N/m^2$ and acceleration due to gravity $= 10 \,m/s^2$)