Which of the following plants can perform photosynthesis even at temperatures below $-20^{\circ}C$ / freezing point?

Which scientist demonstrated that the extract of infected tobacco plants could cause infection in healthy plants?

Read the following statements carefully and identify correct statements $w.r.t.$ Lichens:
$a.$ The association cannot tolerate air pollution,especially due to sulphur dioxide.
$b.$ Lichens are annuals and their growth is slow.
$c.$ The fungal partner mostly belongs to Ascomycetes.
$d.$ Soredia are most efficient means of asexual reproduction.
$e.$ Orchids seldom occur without this association.
$f.$ Foliose lichens are pioneers of succession in a water body.

Which of the following is a sub-viral agent smaller than a virus?

Asexual reproduction in lichens occurs through which of the following? $(i)$ Pycniospores $(ii)$ Zoospores $(iii)$ Aplanospores $(iv)$ Soredia $(v)$ Apothecia

Which of the following is a significant characteristic of viruses?