Primitive photosynthetic plants used solar energy through ....

During $ATP$ synthesis,electrons are transported through .........

What happens to the chloroplast pigments when they absorb light?

$A$: Assimilatory power in photosynthesis is generated in $ETS$ occurring in the thylakoid membrane.
$R$: They are needed for $CO_2$ reduction and $RuBP$ regeneration.

The photochemical reaction in the chloroplast is directly associated with ...

Which are incorrect sentences for non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
$(1)$ $Z$ shape is formed when all the carriers are placed in a sequence on a redox potential scale.
$(2)$ The $4e^-$ released are accepted by various electron acceptors and finally enter into $PS-II$ instead of returning to $PS-I$.
$(3)$ In this process both $PS-I$ and $PS-II$ take part.
$(4)$ As the electrons released in various ways do not return to their original donors,such an electron transport is called non-cyclic electron transport.