The first flying animal on Earth was .......

In recent years,$DNA$ sequences (nucleotide sequence) of $mt-DNA$ and $Y$-chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution,because

Which of the following arrangements of periods of the Mesozoic era gives a correct sequence from the earliest to the latest?

Darwinian theory was unable to explain:

$A$: Mesozoic is the era of dinosaurs,but they suddenly disappeared from the earth.
$R$: Dinosaurs may have changed into birds or climatic changes killed them.

Identify the dinosaur shown in the figure.