(D) Hugo de Vries, a Dutch botanist, proposed the mutation theory of evolution. He conducted his experiments on the Evening primrose $(Oenothera \text

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(D) Hugo de Vries, a Dutch botanist, proposed the mutation theory of evolution. He conducted his experiments on the Evening primrose $(Oenothera \text{ } lamarckiana)$. He observed that new species arise due to sudden, large, and heritable changes in the genetic material, which he termed as mutations.