Microsomes are obtained by . . . . . . .

Match the following columns based on the cell types shown in the image.

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Cristae	$(i)$ Primary constriction in chromosome
$(b)$ Thylakoids	$(ii)$ Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus
$(c)$ Centromere	$(iii)$ Infoldings in mitochondria
$(d)$ Cisternae	$(iv)$ Flattened membranous sacs in stroma of plastids

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The given figures show two types of cells. Which structures are common to both the cells?

Select the correct option for the following statements:
$(i)$ $A$ chromosome in which the centromere is situated near the middle is called a metacentric / submetacentric chromosome.
$(ii)$ The air vacuole / contractile vacuole helps in osmoregulation.

The $GERL$ system was proposed by: