In plants and animals,growth is observed up to which stage respectively?

$S$ Statement: Reproduction leads to an increase in the number of organisms.
$R$ Reason: In reproduction,organisms produce new individuals similar to themselves upon reaching maturity.
$(a)$ Both $S$ and $R$ are true,and $R$ is the correct explanation of $S$.
$(b)$ Both $S$ and $R$ are true,but $R$ is not the correct explanation of $S$.
$(c)$ $S$ is true and $R$ is false.
$(d)$ $S$ is false and $R$ is true.

Statement $P$: Every living organism exhibits unique characteristics such as reproduction,growth,development,adaptation,and death.
Statement $Q$: Energy transformation is essential for every living organism.

Two plants can be conclusively said to belong to the same species if they

The distance between stars is measured in . . . . . . .

The process that provides a specific,meaningful representation of living organisms is known as....