In living organisms,complex traits are the result of:

The process of breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules in a cell is called $.........$.

The part of the plant where metabolism takes place is called

Which metabolic processes are carried out by a cell?

Statement $X$: All the various biochemical reactions occurring in every cell of a living organism are collectively called 'metabolism'.
Statement $Y$: Growth occurs when the rate of anabolic processes is greater than the rate of catabolic processes.

In living organisms, the formation and breakdown of substances occur through chemical reactions. These chemical reactions are collectively known as: