How do organisms $NOT$ adapt to their environment?

Identify the organism based on the following characteristics:
- It has the ability to concentrate its urine.
- It meets its water requirements from internal fat oxidation.
- It is found in the American desert.

Which of the following are examples of short-term adaptation?
$(1)$ Accumulation of melanin in the skin
$(2)$ Utilization of stored fat by animals during hibernation
$(3)$ Seed dormancy
$(4)$ Phototropism of stems and geotropism of roots

Rainfall occurs in chaparral during

What is the unit formed by the interactions of populations of various species in a given area called?

In a sea shore,the benthic animals live in sandy,muddy and rocky substrata and accordingly developed the following adaptations:
$(a)$ Burrowing
$(b)$ Building tubes
$(c)$ Holdfasts / peduncle
Match the suitable substratum against each adaptation.