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(D) The defining characteristics of living organisms are those features that are present in all living beings without exception. $1$. Growth and devel

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All of the above

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(D) The defining characteristics of living organisms are those features that are present in all living beings without exception. $1$. Growth and development are observed in all living organisms,although they are not exclusive (as non-living objects can also grow by accumulation). $2$. Consciousness of the environment (self-consciousness/response to stimuli) is a defining property because it is present in all living organisms and is not found in non-living objects. $3$. Adaptation is a fundamental trait of life. Since all these features are essential attributes of life,the correct answer is $D$.

Column-$I$ (Biological Level)	Column-$II$ (Scientific Field)
$(a)$ Tissues	$(i)$ Ecology
$(b)$ Atoms	$(ii)$ Biology
$(c)$ Species	$(iii)$ Physics
$(d)$ Organisms	$(iv)$ Cell Biology

What are the defining characteristics of living organisms?

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Match the levels of biological organization in Column-$I$ with the corresponding scientific field in Column-$II$:
Column-$I$ (Biological Level) Column-$II$ (Scientific Field)
$(a)$ Tissues $(i)$ Ecology
$(b)$ Atoms $(ii)$ Biology
$(c)$ Species $(iii)$ Physics
$(d)$ Organisms $(iv)$ Cell Biology

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