What volume (in $mL$) of $0.10 \, M$ sodium formate is required to be added to $50 \, mL$ of $0.05 \, M$ formic acid to prepare a buffer solution with $pH = 4.0$? (Given: $pK_a$ of formic acid $= 3.7$)

Which buffer is present in human blood :-

$A$ buffer solution with $pH = 9$ is to be prepared by mixing $NH_4Cl$ and $NH_4OH$. Calculate the number of moles of $NH_4Cl$ that should be added to one litre of $1.0 \ M \ NH_4OH$. $[K_b = 1.8 \times 10^{-5}]$

Aqueous solutions of $HNO_3$,$KOH$,$CH_3COOH$,and $CH_3COONa$ of identical concentrations are provided.
The pair$(s)$ of solutions which form a buffer upon mixing is(are):
$A$. $HNO_3$ and $CH_3COOH$
$B$. $KOH$ and $CH_3COONa$
$C$. $HNO_3$ and $CH_3COONa$
$D$. $CH_3COOH$ and $CH_3COONa$

$A$ buffer solution of $100 \ mL$ has a $pH$ value of $4$. When $1 \ mL$ of dilute $HCl$ is added to it,what happens to the $pH$ of the buffer solution?

$pH$ of a solution of $10 \ mL$ $1 \ N$ sodium acetate and $50 \ mL$ $2 \ N$ acetic acid $(K_a = 1.8 \times 10^{-5})$ is approximately