The relationship between the maximum electron density $(N_{max})$ of the ionosphere and the critical frequency $(f_c)$ is given by:

  • A
    $f_c = \sqrt{9 N_{max}}$
  • B
    $f_c = 9 N_{max}$
  • C
    $f_c = 9 \sqrt{N_{max}}$
  • D
    None of the above

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