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(C) $X$-rays are electromagnetic radiations of high frequency produced when high-energy electrons strike a metal target of high atomic number.Specific

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An incident electron knocks out an inner shell electron and an electron from an outer shell fills the vacancy.

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(C) $X$-rays are electromagnetic radiations of high frequency produced when high-energy electrons strike a metal target of high atomic number.Specifically,characteristic $X$-rays are produced when an incident high-energy electron knocks out an electron from an inner shell (like the $K$-shell) of the target atom.This creates a vacancy in the inner shell,making the atom unstable.To regain stability,an electron from a higher energy outer shell drops down to fill this vacancy.The difference in energy between the two shells is released in the form of a high-energy photon,which is an $X$-ray photon.

$X$-rays are produced when ...

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