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(A) The maximum oxidation state of a transition element is determined by the total number of electrons in the $(n-1)d$ and $ns$ orbitals.For $3d^5 4s^

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$3d^5 4s^2$

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(A) The maximum oxidation state of a transition element is determined by the total number of electrons in the $(n-1)d$ and $ns$ orbitals.For $3d^5 4s^2$,the total number of electrons is $5 + 2 = 7$. Thus,the maximum oxidation state is $+7$.For $3d^2 4s^2$,the total number of electrons is $2 + 2 = 4$. Thus,the maximum oxidation state is $+4$.For $3d^1 4s^2$,the total number of electrons is $1 + 2 = 3$. Thus,the maximum oxidation state is $+3$.For $3d^5 4s^1$,the total number of electrons is $5 + 1 = 6$. Thus,the maximum oxidation state is $+6$.Therefore,the configuration $3d^5 4s^2$ exhibits the highest oxidation state.

Based on the given outer electronic configurations,which element will exhibit the highest oxidation state?

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