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(A) The $Mac$ $Arthur$ process,also known as the $Mac$ $Arthur-Forrest$ cyanide process,is a hydrometallurgical technique used for the extraction of g

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$Ag$

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(A) The $Mac$ $Arthur$ process,also known as the $Mac$ $Arthur-Forrest$ cyanide process,is a hydrometallurgical technique used for the extraction of gold $(Au)$ and silver $(Ag)$ from low-grade ores. In this process,the crushed ore is treated with a dilute solution of sodium cyanide $(NaCN)$ in the presence of air $(O_2)$,which acts as an oxidizing agent. The metal dissolves to form a soluble complex,such as $[Ag(CN)_2]^-$,from which the metal is later recovered by displacement using a more electropositive metal like zinc $(Zn)$.

The $Mac$ $Arthur$ process is used for the extraction of which of the following?

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During the extraction of gold,the following reactions take place: $4Au + 8CN^{-} + 2H_2O + O_2 \longrightarrow 4[Au(CN)_2]^{-} + 4OH^{-}$ and $2[Au(CN)_2]^{-} + Zn \longrightarrow [Zn(CN)_4]^{2-} + 2Au$. $X$ and $Y$ are respectively:

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