In a hydrogen atom,let $R$,$v$,and $E$ denote the radius,velocity,and total energy of the electron,respectively. Then,the principal quantum number $n$ is proportional to which of the following?

The inverse square law in electrostatics is $|\vec F| = \frac{{{e^2}}}{{4\pi { \in _0}{r^2}}}$ for the force between an electron and a proton. The $\frac{1}{r^2}$ dependence of $|\vec F|$ can be understood in quantum theory as being due to the fact that the particle of light (photon) is massless. If photons had a mass $m_p$,the force would be modified to $|\vec F| = \frac{{{e^2}}}{{4\pi { \in _0}}}\left( {\frac{1}{{{r^2}}} + \frac{\lambda }{r}} \right)\left( {{e^{ - \lambda r}}} \right)$ where $\lambda = \frac{{{m_p}c}}{\hbar }$ and $\hbar = \frac{h}{{2\pi }}$. Estimate the change in the ground state energy of a $H$-atom if $m_p$ were $10^{-6}$ times the mass of an electron.

If the energy of an electron in the ground state is $-13.6 \text{ eV}$,find the speed of the electron in the fourth orbit of an $H$-atom.

$A$ muon is an unstable particle with a mass of $207 \, m_e$ and a charge of either $+e$ or $-e$. $A$ muon $(\mu^-)$ is captured by a hydrogen nucleus to form a muonic atom. If the proton captures the $\mu^-$, find the ionization energy of this atom in $keV$.

The frequency of the $1^{st}$ line of the Balmer series in the ${H_2}$ atom is ${\nu _0}$. What is the frequency of the corresponding line emitted by a singly ionized ${He^+}$ atom?

The gravitational force between a $H$-atom and another particle of mass $m$ is given by Newton's law $F = G\frac{M m}{r^2}$. Here,$M$ represents: