Which of the following is the strongest acid?

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Question

(C) The acidity of substituted phenols depends on the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating nature of the substituent. $-NO_2$ is a strong electro

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p-Nitrophenol

Vedclass · Answer

(C) The acidity of substituted phenols depends on the electron-withdrawing or electron-donating nature of the substituent. $-NO_2$ is a strong electron-withdrawing group $(EWG)$ due to both $-I$ and $-M$ effects. $p$-Nitrophenol is more acidic than $o$-nitrophenol because $o$-nitrophenol exhibits intramolecular hydrogen bonding,which stabilizes the molecule and makes the release of the $H^+$ ion more difficult. $p$-Chlorophenol is less acidic than $p$-nitrophenol because $-Cl$ is a weaker electron-withdrawing group than $-NO_2$. Therefore,$p$-nitrophenol is the strongest acid among the given options.

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