(C) Periodic acid $(HIO_4)$ is a selective oxidizing agent used for the oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols ($1,2$-diols). Ethylene glycol $(HO-CH_2-C

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(C) Periodic acid $(HIO_4)$ is a selective oxidizing agent used for the oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols ($1,2$-diols). Ethylene glycol $(HO-CH_2-CH_2-OH)$ is a vicinal diol that reacts with $HIO_4$ to produce two molecules of formaldehyde $(HCHO)$. $HO-CH_2-CH_2-OH + HIO_4 \rightarrow 2HCHO + HIO_3 + H_2O$.