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(B) According to Malus's Law,the intensity of polarized light passing through an analyzer is given by $I = I_{max} \cos^2 	heta$,where $	heta$ is th

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$I_0/2$

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(B) According to Malus's Law,the intensity of polarized light passing through an analyzer is given by $I = I_{max} \cos^2 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the analyzer.However,for unpolarized light passing through a single polaroid,the intensity is reduced by half regardless of the orientation,provided the light is unpolarized.If the incoming light is already polarized,we use Malus's Law: $I = I_0 \cos^2 	heta$.Given $	heta = 45^{\circ}$:$I = I_0 \cos^2(45^{\circ})$$I = I_0 	imes (1/\sqrt{2})^2$$I = I_0 	imes (1/2)$$I = I_0/2$

$A$ polaroid is placed at $45^{\circ}$ to an incoming light of intensity $I_0$. Now,the intensity of light passing through the polaroid after polarization would be:

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