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(B) According to Malus's Law,the intensity of light transmitted through a polarizer is given by the formula:$I = I_0 \cos^2 	heta$Where:$I_0$ is the

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$I_0/2$

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(B) According to Malus's Law,the intensity of light transmitted through a polarizer is given by the formula:$I = I_0 \cos^2 	heta$Where:$I_0$ is the intensity of the incident linearly polarized light.$	heta$ is the angle between the transmission axis of the polaroid and the plane of polarization of the incident light.Given:$	heta = 45^{\circ}$Substituting the values into the formula:$I = I_0 \cos^2(45^{\circ})$$I = I_0 \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}ight)^2$$I = I_0 \left(\frac{1}{2}ight)$$I = \frac{I_0}{2}$

$A$ polaroid is placed at $45^{\circ}$ to an incoming linearly polarized light of intensity $I_0$. The intensity of light passing through the polaroid after polarization would be:

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