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(B) According to Malus's Law,the intensity of polarized light passing through a polarizer is given by $I = I_0 \cos^2 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the an

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$I_0/2$

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(B) According to Malus's Law,the intensity of polarized light passing through a polarizer is given by $I = I_0 \cos^2 	heta$,where $	heta$ is the angle between the direction of polarization of the incident light and the transmission axis of the polaroid.Given that the incident light is unpolarized,the intensity after passing through the first polaroid is $I = I_0 / 2$,regardless of the angle $	heta$. However,if the incident light is already plane-polarized,we use the formula $I = I_0 \cos^2 	heta$.Assuming the incident light is plane-polarized at an angle of $45^{\circ}$ to the transmission axis:$I = I_0 \cos^2 45^{\circ}$$I = I_0 (1/\sqrt{2})^2$$I = I_0 / 2$.

$A$ polaroid is placed at $45^{\circ}$ to an incoming light of intensity $I_0$. Now,the intensity of light passing through the polaroid after polarization would be:

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