$A$ sample of urine was diagnosed to contain a high content of glucose and ketone bodies. Based on this observation, answer the following:
$(a)$ Which endocrine gland and hormone is related to this condition?
$(b)$ Name the cells on which this hormone acts.
$(c)$ What is the condition called and how can it be rectified?

(N/A) The endocrine gland involved is the $Pancreas$ and the hormone is $Insulin$.
$(b)$ $Insulin$ primarily acts on hepatocytes (liver cells) and adipocytes (adipose tissue cells). It facilitates the uptake and utilization of glucose by these cells.
$(c)$ This condition is known as $Diabetes \text{ } mellitus$. It can be rectified or managed through $Insulin$ therapy, dietary control, and regular physical exercise.