(B) The hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved salts of calcium and magnesium,such as $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ ions (e.g.,chlorides,s

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(B) The hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved salts of calcium and magnesium,such as $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ ions (e.g.,chlorides,sulfates,and bicarbonates).$NaCl$ (sodium chloride) does not contribute to the hardness of water.Therefore,water containing only $NaCl$ is considered soft water.