$A$ thin copper wire of length $l$ metre increases in length by $2\%$ when heated through $10^{\circ}C$. The percentage increase in area when a square copper sheet of side $l$ metre is heated through $10^{\circ}C$ is:

$A$ steel tape $1 \; m$ long is correctly calibrated for a temperature of $27.0 \; ^{\circ}C$. The length of a steel rod measured by this tape is found to be $63.0 \; cm$ on a hot day when the temperature is $45.0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the actual length of the steel rod on that day? What is the length of the same steel rod on a day when the temperature is $27.0 \; ^{\circ}C$? (Coefficient of linear expansion of steel $\alpha = 1.20 \times 10^{-5} \; K^{-1}$)

$A$ crystal has a linear expansion coefficient of $\alpha_1$ in one direction and $\alpha_2$ in all directions perpendicular to it. What will be the volume expansion coefficient of the crystal?

$A$ $50 \ cm$ iron rod is connected to a $100 \ cm$ aluminum rod at $20^{\circ}C$. If $\alpha_{Fe} = 12 \times 10^{-6} {^{\circ}C}^{-1}$ and $\alpha_{Al} = 24 \times 10^{-6} {^{\circ}C}^{-1}$,what is the effective coefficient of linear expansion of the system?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A$: When a rod lying freely is heated,no thermal stress is developed in it.
Reason $R$: On heating,the length of the rod increases.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$A$ pendulum clock loses $12\;s$ a day if the temperature is $40^{\circ}C$ and gains $4\;s$ a day if the temperature is $20^{\circ}C$. The temperature at which the clock will show correct time,and the coefficient of linear expansion $(\alpha)$ of the metal of the pendulum shaft are respectively: