Active transport is affected by

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(D) Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration agai

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All of these

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(D) Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against the concentration gradient. This process requires energy in the form of $ATP$. $1$. Cold temperatures reduce the kinetic energy of molecules and the activity of membrane proteins,thereby slowing down active transport. $2$. Cyanide is a metabolic inhibitor that blocks the electron transport chain in mitochondria,preventing the production of $ATP$. $3$. The absence of $O_2$ prevents aerobic respiration,which is necessary for the efficient production of $ATP$. Since all these factors interfere with energy production or the enzymatic activity required for active transport,the correct answer is all of these.

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