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(D) During the process of fertilization,when a sperm comes in contact with the $Zona$ $Pellucida$ layer of the ovum,it induces changes in the membrane

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Formation of the fertilization membrane

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(D) During the process of fertilization,when a sperm comes in contact with the $Zona$ $Pellucida$ layer of the ovum,it induces changes in the membrane that block the entry of additional sperms.Specifically,the cortical granules present beneath the plasma membrane of the ovum release enzymes that harden the $Zona$ $Pellucida$ and modify the vitelline membrane,resulting in the formation of a $Fertilization$ $Membrane$.This $Fertilization$ $Membrane$ acts as a physical barrier,ensuring that only one sperm fertilizes the ovum,thereby preventing polyspermy.

After a sperm has penetrated an ovum in the process of fertilization,the entry of further sperms is prevented by:

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