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(A) The acidic strength of dicarboxylic acids depends on the distance between the two carboxyl groups. As the distance between the two $-COOH$ groups

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$I < IV < II < III$

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(A) The acidic strength of dicarboxylic acids depends on the distance between the two carboxyl groups. As the distance between the two $-COOH$ groups decreases, the inductive effect ($-I$ effect) of one carboxyl group on the other increases, which stabilizes the conjugate base and increases the acidity.Comparing the structures:$I$: Adipic acid, $HOOC-(CH_2)_4-COOH$ (longest chain between groups)$IV$: Glutaric acid, $HOOC-(CH_2)_3-COOH$$II$: Methylmalonic acid, $CH_3-CH(COOH)_2$ (groups are on adjacent carbons)$III$: Oxalic acid, $HOOC-COOH$ (groups are directly attached)Ordering by increasing distance between carboxyl groups: $III Therefore, the order of increasing acid strength is $I < IV < II < III$.

Arrange the following compounds in order of their increasing acid strength:
$I: HO_2C(CH_2)_4CO_2H$
$II: CH_3CH(COOH)_2$
$III: HOOC-COOH$
$IV: HO_2C(CH_2)_3CO_2H$

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Arrange the following compounds in order of their increasing acid strength:$I: HO_2C(CH_2)_4CO_2H$$II: CH_3CH(COOH)_2$$III: HOOC-COOH$$IV: HO_2C(CH_2)_3CO_2H$