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(B) The rate of Nucleophilic Addition Reaction $(NAR)$ depends on two main factors:$1$. Magnitude of positive charge on the carbonyl carbon: Higher po

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$I > III > II > IV$

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(B) The rate of Nucleophilic Addition Reaction $(NAR)$ depends on two main factors:$1$. Magnitude of positive charge on the carbonyl carbon: Higher positive charge increases the rate.$2$. Steric hindrance: Higher steric hindrance decreases the rate.Comparing the given compounds:$(I) \ HCHO$: No alkyl group,least steric hindrance,highest electrophilicity.$(II) \ CH_3CHO$: One electron-donating methyl group,moderate steric hindrance.$(III) \ p-NO_2-C_6H_4CHO$: The $-NO_2$ group is strongly electron-withdrawing ($-I$ and $-M$ effect),which increases the positive charge on the carbonyl carbon,making it more reactive than $(IV)$ and $(II)$.$(IV) \ p-CH_3-C_6H_4CHO$: The $-CH_3$ group is electron-donating ($+I$ and hyperconjugation),which decreases the positive charge on the carbonyl carbon,making it the least reactive.Thus,the order of reactivity is: $(I) > (III) > (II) > (IV)$.

Arrange the following in the correct order of the rate of Nucleophilic Addition Reaction $(NAR)$:
$(I) \ HCHO$
$(II) \ CH_3CHO$
$(III) \ p-NO_2-C_6H_4CHO$
$(IV) \ p-CH_3-C_6H_4CHO$

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Arrange the following in the correct order of the rate of Nucleophilic Addition Reaction $(NAR)$:$(I) \ HCHO$$(II) \ CH_3CHO$$(III) \ p-NO_2-C_6H_4CHO$$(IV) \ p-CH_3-C_6H_4CHO$