Benzaldehyde can be formed by :-

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(D) The given reactions are standard methods for the preparation of benzaldehyde from toluene:$1$. Etard reaction: Toluene reacts with chromyl chlorid

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All of them

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(D) The given reactions are standard methods for the preparation of benzaldehyde from toluene:$1$. Etard reaction: Toluene reacts with chromyl chloride $(CrO_2Cl_2)$ to form a chromium complex,which on hydrolysis gives benzaldehyde.$2$. Oxidation with chromic oxide $(CrO_3)$ in the presence of acetic anhydride: Toluene is converted to benzylidene diacetate,which on hydrolysis yields benzaldehyde.$3$. Side chain chlorination followed by hydrolysis: Toluene reacts with $Cl_2$ in the presence of light to form benzal chloride $(C_6H_5CHCl_2)$,which on hydrolysis with aqueous alkali gives benzaldehyde.Since all three methods produce benzaldehyde,the correct option is $D$.

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