Which of the following is a biaxial crystal?

  • A
    Calcite
  • B
    Quartz
  • C
    Selenite
  • D
    Tourmaline

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Unpolarised light from air is incident on the surface of a transparent medium of refractive index $1.414$ such that the reflected light is completely polarised. Match the angles given in List-$I$ with the corresponding values given in List-$II$.
$A$. Angle of reflection$(i)$ $2 \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\right)$
$B$. Angle of refraction$(ii)$ $\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$
$C$. Angle between incident and completely polarised light$(iii)$ $\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$
$D$. Angle of deviation of the incident ray$(iv)$ $\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)$

Unpolarized light of intensity $I$ is scattered from point $A$. What is the intensity of light perceived by the given observer?

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When an unpolarized light of intensity $I_{0}$ is incident on a polarizing sheet, the intensity of the light which does not get transmitted is

In a system of two crossed polarisers,it is found that the intensity of light from the second polariser is half of that from the first polariser. The angle between their pass axes is (in $^{\circ}$)

Consider the following statements $A$ and $B$. Identify the correct choice in the given answers.
$A$. The refractive index of the extra-ordinary ray depends on the angle of incidence in double refraction.
$B$. The vibrations of light waves acquire one-sidedness for both ordinary and extraordinary rays in double refraction.

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