Carbon cannot be used in the reduction of Al_ | vedclass

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(D) The reduction of metal oxides by carbon is thermodynamically feasible only if the Gibbs free energy change $(\Delta G)$ for the reaction is negati

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the heat of formation of $Al_2O_3$ is too high

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(D) The reduction of metal oxides by carbon is thermodynamically feasible only if the Gibbs free energy change $(\Delta G)$ for the reaction is negative. $Al_2O_3$ has a very high negative enthalpy of formation,meaning it is extremely stable. Carbon cannot reduce $Al_2O_3$ to $Al$ because the affinity of $Al$ for oxygen is much higher than that of $C$ for oxygen at the temperatures typically used in metallurgical processes. Therefore,the heat of formation of $Al_2O_3$ is too high for carbon to act as an effective reducing agent.

Carbon cannot be used in the reduction of $Al_2O_3$ because

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