Cathode rays are

On what factor does the intensity (brightness) of spectral lines depend?

The masses of an electron,a proton and a neutron respectively will be in the ratio

Fill in the blanks:
$(i)$ For the discovery of neutrons,$\alpha$-particles were bombarded on a thin sheet of ......... .
$(ii)$ For the $\alpha$-particle scattering experiment,Rutherford used a gold foil of thickness ......... .
$(iii)$ The radius of an atom is approximately ......... and the radius of the nucleus is ......... .
$(iv)$ The entire positive charge of an atom is concentrated in a very small region,which is called ......... .

Explain the discovery of protons.

Fill in the blanks:
$(i)$ When amber or ebonite is rubbed with silk or fur,it produces $......$.
$(ii)$ In a discharge tube,the stream of particles flows from cathode to anode. This is called $......$.
$(iii)$ In a cathode ray tube,a coating of $......$ is applied as a fluorescent material.
$(iv)$ $A$ television picture tube is a type of $......$ tube.